Smoking is a major risk factor for various chronic diseases and cancer. However, smokers are not unaware of the risk.
A few days ago I get a patient who has shortness of breath (dyspnea). Call it Mr. N, aged 64 years. When I met, he was seen lying limp and attached aids breathing (oxygen hose). Despite the weak condition, he was still in a state of compos mentis / normal conscious. After I read the medical diagnosis, he was diagnosed with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
After asking his complaint, I began to try to do the screening of nutrition to determine the risk of malnutrition or not. Some questions that may represent risk patients had to answer, and as a result Mr. N at risk for malnutrition because of the weight loss is not desired and decreased appetite few lately.
The main factors that can trigger the appearance of this disease is the smoking habit, which is about 2-3 packs / day.
Smoking is one of the causes of death worldwide. Coronary heart disease, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are examples of diseases that can be caused.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a disease characterized by the air flow resistance in the respiratory tract and lungs associated with an inflammatory response against particles of toxic and hazardous gases.
Smoking is a major cause of important and in this case. However, that does not mean just risky for the smoker, but also passive smokers. Other factors may also occur due to frequent exposure to pollution in a long time. This disease is one disease that is often found in Indonesia and is more common in men because more men smoke.
If already COPD, How?
In patients with COPD, the risk of malnutrition is unavoidable. There is an increasing need for energy, because the physiological conditions such as the presence of shortness of breath to be one cause. Respiratory muscles in patients with COPD require 10 times more calories than people without COPD.
In this case also giving the patient's diet needs to be considered, because the provision of high-carbohydrate diet can actually be aggravating the condition. This is due to the burning of carbohydrates will produce carbon dioxide that needs to be removed as well. It's good for people with COPD therapy, low-carbohydrate diet high in fat.
Protein requirement is given in general. Protein can prevent muscle breakdown and maintain lung power. Sodium restriction also should be noted that the body does not develop resistance fluid (fluid retention) which then will actually be a complicating factor in breathing. Moreover, in smokers the main micronutrient intake may be an antioxidant vitamin that needs to be improved.
Vitamin C is a vitamin that is required for smokers. Free radicals are caused from cigarettes cause oxidative stress (an excessive amount of free radicals and can damage cells) in the body of smokers.
Research shows that people smoke one pack a day require 16 mg of vitamin C a day, while the smoked 2 packs require 32 mg.Selain that vitamin C is useful also for endurance.
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